36. It is a popular belief that tech companies are committed to protecting their customers’ private data.
(译文)人们普遍认为技术公司会全力
保护其用户的私人数据。
(定位)由题干关键词 belief、
protecting和 customers' private data定
位到原文画线处。
[E] There will probably be months of legal tussling, and it is not at all clear which side will prevail in court, nor in the battle for public opinion and legislative favor. Yet underlying all of this is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold most of the cards in this confrontation. They have our data, and their businesses depend on the global public’s collective belief that they will do everything they can to protect that data.
(详解)定位句提到,全球公众都认为这些公司将尽一切可能来保护这些数据。题干中的 It is a popular
belief对应原文中的 the global public's collective belief; are committed to对应原文中的 do everything the
can,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为E)。
37. The US government believes that its access to people’s iPhones could be used to prevent terrorist attacks.
(译文)美国政府认为,获知人们
iPhones手机的内容可以用来阻止恐
怖主义袭击。
(定位)由题干关键词 access to
people,'s iPhones in terrorist attacks
定位到原文画线处。
[M] Once armed with a method for gaining access to iPhones, the government could ask to use it proactively (先发制人地), before a suspected terrorist attack—leaving Apple in a bind as to whether to comply or risk an attack and suffer a public-relations nightmare. “This is a brand-new salvo in the war against encryption,” Mr. Opsahl said. “We’ve had plenty of debates in Congress and the media over whether the government should have a backdoor, and this is an end run around that - here they come with an order to create that backdoor.”
(详解)定位句提到,政府一且获得进入 iPhones的方法,就会在潜在的恐怖袭击爆发前先发制人。题干中
be used to prevent对应原文中的 use it proactively,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为M)。
38. A federal court asked Apple to help the FBI access data in a terrorist’s iPhone.
(译文)联邦法庭要求苹果公司协
助联邦调查局侵入一个恐怖主义者的
手机,获取其手机信息。
(定位)由题干关键词 federal court
和FBI定位到原文画线处。
[C] It may not seem that way at the moment. On the one side, you have the United States government’s mighty legal and security apparatus fighting for data of the most sympathetic sort: the secrets buried in a dead mass murderer’s phone. The action stems from a federal court order issued on Tuesday requiring Apple to help the Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I) to unlock an iPhone used by one of the two attackers who killed 14 people in San Bernardino, California, in December.
(详解)定位句提到,去年12月,加利福尼亚州圣贝纳迪诺市,两名袭击者杀死了14人。周二,联邦法院下
令要求苹果公司协助联邦调查局的调查,解锁其中一名袭击者曾用过的 iPhone手机。题干中的 asked Apple
to help 对应原文中的 requiring Apple to help; access data对应原文中的 unlock an iPhone,题干是对定位句
故答案为C)。
39. Privacy advocates now have Apple fighting alongside them against government access to personal data.
(译文)隐私倡导者现在有苹果公司
起共同抵抗政府获取个人信息。
(定位)由题干关键词 Privacy
advocates 和 fighting alongside 定位
到原文画线处。
[H] Apple’s emerging global brand is privacy; it has staked its corporate reputation, not to mention the investment of considerable technical and financial resources, on limiting the sort of mass surveillance that was uncovered by Mr. Snowden. So now, for many cases involving governmental intrusions into data, once-lonely privacy advocates find themselves fighting alongside the most powerful company in the world.
advocates和 fighting alongside定位
到原文画线处。
(详解)H)段最后一句提到,那些曾经单打独斗、为隐私而战的倡导者发现现在与世界上最强大的公司一
起并肩作战。根据上下文可知,题干中的Aple就是指原文中的 I the most powerful company in the world,故答案为H)。
40. Snowden revealed that the American government had tried hard to access private data in massive scale.
(译文)斯诺登揭露了美国政府曾努力
试图大规模窃取个人信息。
(定位)由题干关键词 Snowden和
private data on a massive scale定位到原
文画线处。
[B] After revelations by the former National Security Agency contractor Edward J. Snowden in 2013 that the government both cozied up to (讨好) certain tech companies and hacked into others to gain access to private data on an enormous scale, tech giants began to recognize the United States government as a hostile actor. But if the confrontation has crystallized in this latest battle, it may already be heading toward a predictable conclusion: In the long run, the tech companies are destined to emerge victorious.
(详解)[B]段首句提到,2013年,美国国家安全局前承包商爱德华,.斯诺登披露了美国政府拉拢某些技
术公司,并侵入其他技术公司以窃取大规模的私人数据。题干中的 revealed对应原文中的 revelations
cess对应原文中的 gain access to,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为B)。
41. The FBI might have been able to access private data in earlier iPhones without Apple’s help.
(译文)联邦调查局在没有苹果公
司的帮助下,或许也能入侵苹果公司
早期版本的手机,以获取个人信息。
(定位)由题干关键词The FBI
might have been able to 和 earlier
iPhones定位到原文画线处。
[J] Apple and other tech companies hold another ace: the technical means to keep making their devices more and more inaccessible. Note that Apple’s public opposition to the government’s request is itself a hindrance to mass government intrusion. And to get at the contents of a single iPhone, the government says it needs a court order and Apple’s help to write new code; in earlier versions of the iPhone, ones that were created before Apple found religion on (热衷于) privacy, the F.B.I. may have been able to break into the device by itself.
(详解)定位句提到,对于早期版本的苹果手机,那时苹果公司还未偏执于保护隐私,所以联邦调查局或许自
己就能进入这些设备。题干中的 access private data对应原文中的 break into the device,题干是对定位句的
同义转述,故答案为J)。
42. After the Snowden incident, Apple made clear its position to counter government intrusion into personal data by means of encryption.
(译文)在斯诺登事件后,苹果公司明确立
场,通过加密手段抵制政府入侵,获取个人信息。
(定位)由题干关键词 After the Snowden
ncident和 encryption定位到原文画线处
[G) Apple’s stance on these issues emerged post-Snowden, when the company started putting in place a series of technologies that, by default, make use of encryption to limit access to people’s data. More than that, Apple, and, in different ways, other tech companies, including Google, Facebook, Twitter and Microsoft, have made their opposition to the government’s claims a point of corporate pride.
(详解)定位句提到,苹果公司在这些问题上的立场是在斯诺登事件出现后形成的,在那之后,公司采用了一
系列的技术,这些技术在默认情况下将使用者的数据加密,限制他人访问。题干中的 After the Snowden
ent对应原文中的 post-Snowden; made clear its position对应原文中的 Apple' s stance on these issues
rged,故答案为G)。
43. According to one digital expert, no iPhone can be entirely free from hacking.
(译文)一个数字专家表示
没有哪个 iPhone手机可以完
全不被非法入侵。
(定位)由题干关键词
hacking定位到原文画线处。
[P] “Nothing is 100 percent hacker-proof,” Mr. Zdziarski said, but he pointed out that the judge’s order in this case required Apple to provide “reasonable security assistance” to unlock Mr. Farook’s phone. If Apple alters the security model of future iPhones so that even its own engineers’ “reasonable assistance” will not be able to crack a given device when compelled by the government, a precedent set in this case might lose its lasting force. In other words, even if the F.B.I. wins this case, in the long run, it loses.
(详解)[P]段第一句提到,“没有什么方法能百分之百防止人侵,“兹阿尔斯基说。根据上下文可知题干中
的 one digital expert指的就是Mr. Zdziarski,题干中的 no iPhone can be entirely free from hacking对应原文
中的 Nothing is 100 percent hacker-proof,故答案为P)。
44. Timothy Cook’s long web post has helped enhance Apple’s image.
(译文)蒂姆·库克在网上刊登的长
篇文章有益于提升苹果公司的形象。
(定位)由题干关键词 Timothy Cook
post和 image定位到原文画线处。
[I] “A comparison point is in the 1990s battles over encryption,” said Kurt Opsahl, general counsel of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy watchdog group. “Then you had a few companies involved, but not one of the largest companies in the world coming out with a lengthy and impassioned post, like we saw yesterday from Tim Cook. The profile has really been raised.”
(详解)[I]段定位句提到,但那时可没有一家世界上最大的公司用一篇充满激情的长文站出来表态,就像我
们昨天看到的蒂姆·库克所做的那样。这的确提升了苹果公司的形象。题干中的 long web post对应原文中
的 a lengthy and impassioned post; helped enhance Apple's image对应原文中的 s profile has really been
raised,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为I)。
45. Apple’s CEO has decided to appeal the federal court’s order to unlock a user’s iPhone.
(译文)苹果公司的首席执行官已
经决定,要就联邦法院命令其解锁用
户 iPhone手机一事上诉
(定位)由题干关键词 appeal和
govermment and you risk weakening all iPhones for any
court' s order定位到原文画线处。
[D] In the other corner is the world’s most valuable company, whose chief executive, Timothy D. Cook, has said he will appeal the court’s order. Apple argues that it is fighting to preserve a principle that most of us who are addicted to our smartphones can defend: Weaken a single iPhone so that its contents can be viewed by the American government and you risk weakening all iPhones for any government intruder, anywhere.
(详解)D]段提到,苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克表示,他将对法院的命令提出上诉。题干中的 Apple's
CEO对应原文中的 chief executive, Timothy Cook,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为D)。
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