36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off campus.

(译文)阿德霍尔德正在对允许学 生在校外上额外课程进行限制。

F) Asian-American students have been eager participants in a state program that permits them to take summer classes off campus for high school credit, allowing them to maximize the number of honors and Advanced Placement classes they can take, another practice that Aderhold is limiting this school year. With many Asian-American children attending supplementary instructional programs, there is a perception among some white families that the elementary school curriculum is being sped up to accommodate them.

定位)由题干中的 limiting、 extra classes和 off campus定位到文章 F)段第一句。

详解 F)段第一句指出,亚商美国学生一直以来都很热切地参加一个国家项目,该项日允许他们去上学校 以外的暑假班来增加高中的学分,这就使得他们可以将能够获得的荣誉数量和大学预修课的数量最大化。这 也是阿德霍尔德本学年正在采取的限制举措之一。由此可知,阿德霍尔德正在对允许学生在校外上的额外课 程进行限制。题干中的 extra classes对应原文中的 summer classes,故答案为F)。

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37. White and Asian-American parents responded differently to Aderhold's appeal.

译文)白人父母和亚商美国 父母对阿德霍尔德的呼吁有不 同的反应。

定位)由题干中的 White and responded differently 定位到文 章C)段。

C) But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines. On one side are white parents like Catherine Foley, a former president of the Parent-Teacher-Student Association at her daughter's middle school, who has come to see the district's increasingly pressured atmosphere as opposed to learning. "My son was in fourth grade and told me, 'I'm not going to amount to anything because I have nothing to put on my resume,'" she said. On the other side are parents like Mike Jia, one of the thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade, who said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumbing down" of his children's education. "What is happening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will not prepare our children for the future," Jia said.

详解) C)段提到,阿德霍尔德的信没有让这些家庭联合起来,相反他的信揭示了这个有着9,700名学生的 学区的一个分歧,分歧的双方一边是白人父母,另一边是亚裔美国父母。由此可知,白人父母和亚裔美国父母 对阿德霍尔德的呼吁有不同的反应。题干中的 responded differently对应原文中的 a divide,题干是对定位段 的概括总结,故答案为C)。

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38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some students' writings.

译文)一些学生在 作文中已经表露出了 自杀的念头。

定位由题干中的 Suicidal thoughts和 writings定位到文章I) 段最后一句。

I) The issue of the stresses felt by students in elite school districts has gained attention in recent years as schools in places like Newton, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a number of suicides. West Windsor-Plainsboro has not had a teenage suicide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has worked in the district for seven years and been chief for the last three years, said he had seen troubling signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school student depicted (描绘) an overburdened child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather than an A+ , on a math exam. In the image, the mother scolds the student with the words, "Shame on you!" Further, he said, the New Jersey Education Department has flagged at least two pieces of writing on state English language assessments in which students expressed suicidal thoughts.

详解) I)段最后一句指出,新泽西州教育部在国家英语语言评估中至少标注了两篇作文,学生在作文中表 达了自杀的想法。由此可知,一些学生在作文中表露出自杀的念头。题干中的 appeared是对原文中 expressed的同义转述,故答案为I)。

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39. Aderhold's reform of the advanced mathematics program will affect Asian-American students most.

译文)德霍尔德有关高等 数学项目的改革将对亚裔美国学 生产生的影响最大。

定位)由题干中的 Aderhold's reform 和 advanced mathematics 定位到文章E)段最后 两句。

E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families from China, India and Korea. This year, 65 percent of its students are Asian-American, compared with 44 percent in 2007. Many of them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a growing influence on the district. Asian-American parents are enthusiastic supporters of the competitive instrumental music program. They have been huge supporters of the district's advanced mathematics program, which once began in the fourth grade but will now start in the sixth. The change to the program, in which 90 percent of the participating students are Asian-American, is one of Aderhold's reforms.

详解 E)段最后两句提到,亚商美国父母还对这个学区的高等数学项目提供力支持,这一项目曾经从四 年级开始,但现在将从六年级开始。对这个90%的参加者为亚裔美国学生的项目进行改变,正是阿德霍尔德 的改革之一。由此推断,阿德霍尔德有关高等数学项目的改革将对亚裔美国学生产生的影响最大。题干是对 定位句的推理判断,故答案为E)。

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40. Aderhold appealed for parents' support in promoting an all-round development of children, instead of focusing only on their academic performance.

译文) 阿德霍尔德呼吁家长们支持 孩子们的全面发展,而不是只关注他们 的学业表现。

定位) 由题干中的 an all-round development 和 academic performance 定位到文章B)段第二句。

B) With his letter, Aderhold inserted West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District into a national discussion about the intense focus on achievement at elite schools, and whether it has gone too far. At follow-up meetings, he urged parents to join him in advocating a "whole child" approach to schooling that respects "social-emotional development" and "deep and meaningful learning" over academics alone. The alternative, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have contributed to a number of suicides in the last six years.

详解 B)段第二句提到,阿德霍尔德强烈要求家长跟他一起倡导一种“完整孩子”的教育方法,尊重“社会 情感的发展”和“深刻且有意义的学习”,摒弃只局限于学术的教育。由此可知,阿德霍尔德呼吁家长们支持孩 子的全面发展,而不是只关注他们的学业表现。题干中的 appealed for parents' support in promoting对应原 文中的 urged parents to join him in advocating; an all-round development对应原文中的a“ whole child approach,故答案为B)。

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41. One Chinese-American parent thinks the competition in the district has gone too far.

译文)一位美籍华裔家长认为,学区 内的竟争太过了。

定位) 由题干中的 Chinese-American parent和 competition in the district定 位到文章K)段第二句。

K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competition within the district has gotten out of control. Sue, who was born in the United States to immigrant parents, wants her peers to dial it back. "It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," she said. "We all want our kids to achieve and be successful. The question is, at what cost?"

详解K)段第二句提到,凯伦·苏是一位五年级学生和八年级学生的华商美国妈妈,她认为这个学区内的 竞争已经失控了。题干中的 One Chinese- American parent指 Karen Sue;题干中的 has gone too far对应原文 中的 has gotten out of control,故答案为K)。

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42. Immigrant parents believe that academic excellence will allow their children equal chances to succeed in the future.

译文)移民父母认为,学术上的 卓越成就将使他们的孩子在未来具 有平等的机会获得成功。

定位)由题干中的 academic excellence和 equal chances定位到 文章H)段最后一句。

H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, and an author of the Asian American Achievement Paradox, says misunderstanding between first-generation Asian-American parents and those who have been in this country longer are common. What white middle-class parents do not always understand, she said, is how much pressure recent immigrants feel to boost their children into the middle class. "They don't have the same chances to get their children internships (实习职位) or jobs at law firms," Lee said. "So what they believe is that their children must excel and beat their white peers in academic settings so they have the same chances to excel later. "

详解H)段最后一句指出,新移民信奉的是,他们的孩子必须要出类拔萃,在学术背景上打败白人同学,这 样他们才会有同等的机会在以后胜出。由此可知,移民父母认为,学术上的卓越成就将使他们的孩子在未来 具有平等的机会获得成功。题干中的 equal chances对应原文中的 same chances,故答案为H)。

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43. Many businessmen and professionals have moved to West Windsor and Plainsboro because of the public schools there.

译文) 很多商人和专业人士搬到了西温 莎普莱恩斯伯勒学区是因为那里的公立学校

定位) 由题干中的 West Windsor and Plainsboro和 public schools定位到文章D) 段第一句。

D) About 10 minutes from Princeton and an hour and a half from New York City, West Windsor and Plainsboro have become popular bedroom communities for technology entrepreneurs, researchers and engineers, drawn in large part by the public schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16 seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces Science Olympiad winners, classically trained musicians and students with perfect SAT scores.

详解) D)段定位句提到,距离普林斯顿10分钟,离组约市一个半小时车程的西温莎普莱恩斯伯勒学区己 经成为科技型创业者、研究者和工程师青睐的居住社区,很多人很大程度上是受公立学校的吸引而来。由此 可知,很多商人和专业人士搬到了西温莎普莱恩斯伯勒学区是因为那里的公立学校。题干中的 moved to和 because of分别对应原文中的 drawn和 in large part by,故答案为D)。

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44. A number of students in Aderhold's school district were found to have stress-induced mental health problems.

译文) 在阿德霍尔德负责的学区 中,许多学生被发现有压力导致的心 理健康问题。

定位) 由题干中的 stress-induced 和 mental health定位到文章A)段 画线处。

A) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near Princeton, New Jersey, sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school district, he said, was facing a crisis. Its students were overburdened and stressed out, having to cope with too much work and too many demands. In the previous school year, 120 middle and high school students were recommended for mental health assessments and 40 were hospitalized. And on a survey administered by the district, students wrote things like, "I hate going to school," and "Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have learned one thing: that a grade, a percentage or even a point is to be valued over anything else."

详解) A)段第四句提到,在过去的一学年里,120名初高中学生被建议去做心理健康评估,而其中40名学 生入院就医。由此可知,在阿德霍尔德负责的学区,许多学生被发现有压力导致的心理健康问题。题干是对 段落的总结,故答案为A)。

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45. The tension between Asian-American and white families has increased in recent years.

译文)近年来,亚裔美国人和白人家 庭之间的紧张关系有所加剧。

定位) 由题干中的 tension和 Asian American and white families定位到文 章G)段第一句。

G) Both Asian-American and white families say the tension between the two groups has grown steadily over the past few years, as the number of Asian families has risen. But the division has become more obvious in recent months as Aderhold has made changes, including no-homework nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to participate in the music program.

详解) G)段首句提到,亚裔美国人和白人家庭都说在过去几年里,随着亚裔家庭的增多,两个群体之间的 关系越来越紧张了。由此可知,近年来,亚商美国人和白人家庭之间的紧张关系有所加剧。题干中的has ncreased是对原文中 has grown steadily的同义转述,故答案为G)。

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