All parents know it is difficult to get children to eat their vegetables. Some of them offer rewards or treats for children finishing their share. But researchers have discovered that youngsters who are not praised for trying vegetables are more likely to eat them eventually. (16) The study found that the best way to get children to eat food they do not like is simply to give them repeated exposure to it. Psychologists from Ghent University in Belgium studied 98 children. They gave them five kinds of vegetables to eat——mushrooms, peas, eggplants, carrots and cabbages.(17) The taste tests revealed that carrots were the least-liked vegetable among youngsters. The children were then given a bowl of boiled carrots and told to choose how much to eat. After 8 minutes, they were asked to rate the dish as "delicious," "just OK" or "disgusting." The trial went on twice a week for a month, with a follow-up taste test after 8 weeks. Children were split into three groups, with one group asked to try the bowl of carrots repeatedly with no further encouragement. The other two groups were given rewards of a toy or verbal praise. (18) After the trial, 81% of children who simply tried the carrots consistently liked them. This is in contrast to 68% for the group given a toy and 75% for the group given verbal praise.
预览三道题各选项,由选项中反复出现的 vegetable(s)和 children可推测,短文内容与孩子吃蔬菜 有关;再结合 rewarding、 improving the taste和 explaining the benefits等词可进一步推测,短文内容涉及让孩子 吃蔬菜的方法。
16. What is the best way to get children to eat vegetables according to a recent study?
B)。
(详解)短文中提到,研究发现,要让孩子们吃不喜欢的食物,最好的办法就是让孩子们反复接触它 由此可知,要想让孩子们吃蔬菜,最好的办法就是让他们反复接触蔬菜,答案为B)。
17. What did the researchers find about carrots?
A)。
(详解)短文中提到,味道测试显示,胡萝卜是孩子们最不喜欢的蔬菜。因此答案为A)。
18. What does the result of this research show?
B)。
(详解)短文中提到,比利时根特大学的心理学家将孩子们分为三组进行试验:一组孩子被多次要求 吃胡萝卜,且没有任何鼓励;一组孩子在吃了胡萝卜之后会得到一个玩具;另一组孩子在吃了胡萝卜之 后会得到口头表扬。试验之后,没有奖励的组里,81%的孩子最后开始喜欢吃胡萝卜;有玩具奖励的 里,68%的孩子最后喜欢吃胡萝卜;而有口头表扬的组里,75%的孩子表示喜欢吃胡萝卜。由此可推 知,孩子的饮食习惯是可以改变的,答案为B)。