informed 见多识广的

adhere to 坚持;黏附

transmission 传递;传送

accuracy 精确度,准确性

illustrate 阐明,举例说明

obscure 使…模糊不清,掩盖;隐藏

exaggerate 夸大,夸张

genome sequencing 基因组测序

ultimately 最后，最终

complex 复杂的

diversity 多样性;差异

51.D)。

【定位】由题干中的example of climate change 定位到文章首段第二句：Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change… 和第二段：The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.

【详解】推理判断题。第一段第二句明确指出，气候变化问题是科学家与公众之间沟通不畅产生负面后果的例证，而第二段首句说，气候变化问题也说明了公众对科学的接受和理解（抑或是缺失）对于政府在监管、科学政策和研究资金方面的决策会产生怎样的影响，可知D)是对第二段的同义转述，故为答案。

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52.B)。

【定位】由题干中的non-scientists定位到文章第三段第三句后半部分：…more non-scientists will need to be comfortable analyzing complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.

【详解】事实细节题。定位句指出，更多并非科学家的人将需要自如地分析复杂的科学信息，从而做出直接影响其生活质量的决策。而怎样才能自如地分析复杂的科学信息呢？结合文章开篇提出的主题“公众必须能够理解科学的基本知识，才能做出有根据的决定”可知，B)对此处信息概括正确，故为答案。

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53.A)。

【定位】由题干中的scientists to build a good relationship with the media定位到文章第四段第二句：Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape the efficient transmission of scientific advances to the public.

【详解】推理判断题。定位句指出，已经有很多文章涉及科学家和媒体之间的关系对于向公众有效传播科学进步所产生的影响，由此推断，如果科学家与媒体关系良好，就有助于向公众传播科学信息，故答案为A)。

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54.C)。

【定位】由题干中的problem with science journalism定位到文章第五段第一句：Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material to the point that the basic information conveyed is obscured or at worst, obviously wrong.

【详解】事实细节题。定位句指出，科学新闻也可能会过分简化和概括它们的主题材料，以至于所传达的基本信息是模糊不清的，或更有甚者，是明显错误的，可知C)与该句意义相符，故为答案。

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55.D)。

【定位】由题干中的scientists do to impart和effectively定位到文章最后一段首句：Even though scientists play a part in transmitting information to journalists and ultimately the public, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists.和第二句后半部分：…and exists because for one thing we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and for another most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.

【详解】事实细节题。定位部分指出，科学信息传播是否有效的问题往往是科学记者的责任，但作者分析了他所认为的两个真正原因：一是我们低估了科学家与多种受众进行有效沟通的难度，二是大多数科学家没有接受过科学沟通的正规训练，D)所述与第二条原因相符合，故为答案。

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