听力音频
听力原文

We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire the greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22)Today's demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest 1% of the population has mastered more wealth than the bottom 90%. Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days, though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been.

The question is, what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around $13,000 a year, or across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing. (24)And if you ask low-income people what's the one thing that will change their life, they'll say "a full-time job." That's all they aspire to. So why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don't provide benefits. (25)Businesses, in order to boost profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.

Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.

未听先知

预览四道题各选项,由 middle-class wealth, distributed和 social status等词可以初步推测,讲座 内容与社会等级和社会财富分配有关;再结合选项中的 working conditions better-paying jobs、 all employment 和 part-time employees等词可以进一步推测,讲座内容涉及工作环境和就职状况等。

详解详析

22. What do the surveys show about America according to the speaker?

A)。(详解)讲座中提到,人口统计数据显示,美国的中产阶级正在消失,1%的富人掌握着超过90%的财 富。因此答案为A)。


23. What did Americans use to believe?

B)。(详解)讲座中提到,从前,美国人认为,即使身处逆境,但只要努力工作,总能获得成功。因此答案 为B)。


24. What do low-income people aspire to?

D)。(详解)讲座中提到,如果去问低收入人群什么能够改变他们的生活,他们会说“一份全职工作”,这 就是他们所渴求的。因此答案为D)。


25. What do businesses do to increase their revenues? This is the end of listening comprehension.

C)。(详解)讲座中提到,为了增加利润,企业只雇用兼职员工,这样他们可以按照法定最低工资支付薪 酬,还不用为他们提供全职员工所享有的医疗保健等一系列福利。因此答案为C)。