36. A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests.

【译文】 创客空间是人们根据个人兴趣制造东西的地方。

【定位】由题干中的 maker space和 personal interests定位到文章E)段最后一句: It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you're learning to do.

【详解】详解定位句提到,这是一个可以基于你的兴趣以及你正在学习的技能制造东西的地方。定 位句中的 place和题于中的 maker place所指相同,而定位句中的 based on your interest和题 干中的 according to their personal interests为同义转述,故答案为E)。

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37.　The teachers' role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process.

【译文】教师的作用在创客空间被强化了,因为他们在过程中需要监督和提供使利。

【定位】由题干中的 teachers' role, monitor和 facilitate定位到文章L)段第三至六句: I think it's a heightened role, You're creating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you re looking at.

【详解】定位句指出,“我“认为教师的作用强化了。你正在创造一个环境,好比一个创客空间 你让20个孩子做着不同的事情。你观察他们而你正在看的就是人类的行为。题干中的 enhanced和定位句中的 heightened为近义词,而题干中的 monitor就是定位句中“ You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at."的概括性词汇, acilitate 在该段后文的几个问题中可以体现,故答案为L)。

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38.　Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept of making.

【译文】有自己的想法或者改善别人的一个想法是创造的核心概念。 【定位】由题干中的 an idea of ones own, improving one from others和 key to the concept o making定位到文章H)段第一句: I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head-or you just borrow it from someone--and begin to develop it, repeat it and improve it.

【详解】定位句提到,“我”直的相信创造的核心理念是在你的头脑中有一个想法一一或者你仅 仅是从别人那里借鉴而来的想法一并且开始去拓展这个想法,重复并改进它。定位句中的 the core idea of making和题干中的 key to the concept of making为同义转述,定位句中的an dea within your head和题干中的 an idea of ones own也为同义转述,定位句中的“ borrow it from someone… .improve it"和题干中的 improving one from others含义一致,故答案为H)。

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39.　Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.

【译文】和结构性学习相反,实践中学习是非常个人化的。

【定位】由题干中的 learming by doing和 individualized定位到文章F)段第四、五句: Leaming from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized.

【详解】定位句指出,从经验中学习是需要时间和耐心的。这是非常个人化的。这两句话可以 概括为 learning from experience is very individualized,和题干中的 learning by doing is highly ndividualized为同义转述,故答案为F)。

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40.　America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself.

【译文】美国是一个以自我创造这一理念而著称的国家。

【定位】由题于中的 America和 making things by oneself定位到文章A)段首句:weve always been a hands-on, do-it-yourself kind of nation

【详解】定位句指出,我们向来都是亲身实践、自己动手的民族。根据下文可推断,这里的“我 们”指的是美国人。题干中的 making things by oneself和定位句中的 hands-on, do-it-yourse 为同义转述,意思均为“亲身实践,亲自动手”,故答案为A)。

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41.　Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge.

【译文】除非学生们能自己负责,否则创造会很无聊。

【定位】由题干中的 boring和 take charge定位到文章J)段第一句: Making should be student directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring.

【详解】定位句指出,创造应该是学生负责的和学生领导的,否则就会很无聊。题干中的take charge意为“掌管,负责”,和定位句中的 student-directed and student-led含义一致,而题干中 的unes引导的让步状语从句和定位句中的 otherwise表达的转折含义相同,故答案为J)。

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42.　Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves.

【译文】创造可以和项目有关,但应该由学生自己创造和实施

【定位】由题干中的 created和 carried out定位到文章G)段第三至五句: However,, project based learning is not making, Although there is a connection, there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher

【详解】定位句指出,项目式学习也并非创造。尽管有一定联系,但是也有区别。区别在于这 个项目在一定程度上是学生确定并开发的,还是老师布置的项目。题干中的 created and carried out by students themselves和定位句中的 defined and developed by the student所表 达的含义一致,故答案为G)。

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43.　The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum.

【译文】作者建议将创客空间的理念融入学校课程里

【定位】由题干中的 incorporating和 school curriculum定位到文章N)段第一句: If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan.

【详解】定位句指出,如果老师们让它变得形式自由,且由学生领导,它仍然可以与课程和教育 计划绑定。结合上下文可知,定位句中的it指 the idea of a maker space,题干中的 operating意为“合并”,和定位句中的 be tied to含义一致,故答案为N)。

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44.　The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.

【译文】创造的概念是一些古代哲学观念的现代版本。

【定位】由题干中的 maker concept, modern version0和 ancient philosophical ideas定是位到文 章D)段最后一句: The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey Montessorl, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently

【详解】定位句指出,如我们近期提出的,制造者哲学反映了被约翰·杜威、蒙特梭利乃至古希 哲学家提倡的旧时的理念。题干中的 maker concept和该句中的 maker philosophy属于同 义替换,通过定位句能够看出新、旧理念之间的关系和题干中表达的含义一致,故答案为D)。

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45.　Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks.

【译文】当学生们在学校被要求做一些基于教科书的但毫无意义的事情时,创造就不被认真对

【定位】由题干中的 not taken seriously和 make something meaningless定位到文章D)段第 二、三句: The thing that you make has no value to you, Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the straws, the cardboard tubes.

【详解】定位句指出,你创造的东西对你而言没什么价值。一旦你展示了教科书中的概念,你 就会扔掉管道清洁器、吸管和纸板管。题干中的 not taken seriously是定位句中 throw away the pipe cleaners, the straws, the cardboard tubes的概括,而题干中的 make something meaningless和定位句中的“ The thing that you make has no value to you.“含义一致,故答案为I)。

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