36.Increased use of digital devices steals away children's playtime.
(译文)数字设备使用的增加偷走了孩子们的游戏时间。
(定位)由题干中的digital devices、steals away和playtime定位到文章H)段第一句:Another playtime thief: the growing proportion of kids' time spent in front of screens and digital
devices, even among preschoolers.
(详解)细节辨认题。定位句提到,另一个盗走游戏时间的小偷,即孩子花在手机屏幕和数字设 备前的时间越来越长。题干中的increased use of digital devices对应原文中的the growing proportion of kids' time spent in front of screens and digital devices,故答案为H)。
37.Since the beginning of this century, an increasing amount of time has been shifted in public schools from recess to academic activities.
(译文)自本世纪初以来,公立学校把越来越多的时间从课间休息转向学术活动。
(定位)由题干中的an increasing amount of time. public schools. recess和academic activities 定位到文章E)段第三、四句:Since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in 2001, public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests. The focus on academic “skills and drills" has cut deeply into recess (课间休息)and other time for free play.
(详解)概括归纳题。定位句指出,自2001年全面推行教育改革以来,公立学校已稳步增加了准 备标准化考试的时间。人们将对学术“技能和训练”的注意力放到课间休息和其他自由活动的时 间。题干中的since the beginning of this century对应定位句中的since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in 2001,而题干中的an increasing amount of time has been shifted in public schools from recess to academic activities是对定位句中public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests. The focus on academic “skills and drills" has cut deeply into recess(课间休息)and other time for free play 的概括归纳,故答案为E)。
38.It has been acknowledged that while kids may welcome pediatricians' recommendation， their parents may doubt its feasibility.
(译文)人们承认虽然孩子们可能会乐于接受儿科医生的建议,但他们的父母可能会怀疑其可 行性。
(定位)由题干中的acknowledged、 pediatricians'、 parents和doubt定位到文章L)段第一、二 句:Play may not be a hard sell to kids. But UCLA pediatrician Carlos Lerner acknowledged that
the pediatricians' new prescription may meet with skepticism(怀疑)from parents, who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg up in the world.
(详解)概括归纳题。定位句指出,让孩子们接受玩游戏可能不难,但可能会遭到家长们的质疑 他们急切地希望得到如何助孩子一臂之力的建议。题干中的kids may welcome pediatricians' recommendation 对应定位句中的“Play may not be a hard sell to kids.",而题干中的their parents may doubt its feasibility是对定位句中the pediatricians' new prescription may meet with skepticism (怀疑)from parents, who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg up in the world的概括归纳,故答案为L)。
39.According to some professionals, deprivation of young children's playtime will do harm not only to children themselves but to the country and the world.
(译文)据一些专业人士认为,剥夺幼儿的游戏时间不仅对儿童自身有害,而且对国家和世界都 有害。
(定位)由题干中的professionals、 young children's playtime. children themselves和the world 定位到文章G)段第二句:Inareport titled “Crisis in the Kindergarten," a group of educators, health professionals and child advocates called the loss of play in early childhood “a tragedy, both for the children themselves and for our nation and the world."
(详解)同义转述题。定位句指出,在一份题为“幼儿园危机”的报告中,一群教育工作者、医疗专 家和儿童倡导者称,无论是对儿童自身,还是对我们的国家和世界来说,幼儿时期的游戏缺失都是“一场悲剧”。题干中的according to some professionals是对定位句中agroup of educators, health professionals and child advocates called的概括归纳,而题干中的deprivation of young children's playtime will do harm not only to children themselves but to the country and the world是对定位句中the loss of play in early childhood “a tragedy, both for the children themselves and for our nation and the world."的同义转述,故答案为G)。
40.By playing with children, parents can prevent them from being harmed by stress.
(译文)通过和孩子玩耍,父母可以防止他们受到压力的伤害。
(定位)由题干中的playing with children、 parents、harmed和stress定位到文章D)段第三句: When parents engage in play with their children, it builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress, including poverty, the academy says.
(详解)同义转述题。定位句指出,美国儿科学会说,当父母和孩子们一起游戏时,这就为孩子筑 起了一堵墙,以抵御包括贫困在内的各种压力带来的有害影响。题干中的by playing with children是对定位句中when parents engage in play with their children的同义转述,而题干中的 prevent them from being harmed by stress是对定位句中 builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress, including poverty的概括归纳,故答案为D)。
41.Playing with digital devices discourages kds from active discovery, according to pediatrician Dr. Michael Yogman.
(译文)儿科医生迈克尔，尤格曼博士说,玩数字设备会阻碍孩子的积极探索。
(定位)由题干中的discovery和Michael Yogman定位到文章I)段:“Irespect that parents have busy lives and it's easy to hand a child an iPhone," Yogman said. “But there's a cost to that. For young children, it's much too passive. And kids really leam better when they're actively engaged and have to really discover things.
(详解)概括归纳题。定位句指出,尤格曼认为,父母因为忙碌而让孩子玩手机是有代价的。对 小孩子来说,玩手机太被动了。当孩子们积极参与并真正发现事物时,他们可以学得更好。换言 之,玩手机等数字设备会阻碍孩子主动探索事物。题干是对定位段的概括归纳,故答案为I)。
42.The suggestion of letting children simply play may sound like going backwards to parents who want to help build their children's skills.
(译文)对那些想帮助孩子培养技能的父母来说,只是让孩子们游戏玩耍的建议听起来像在 退步。
(定位)由题干中的letting children simply play、 backwards、 parents和skills定位到文章C)段 第二句:After spending years fretting(烦恼)over which toys to buy, which apps to download and which skill-building programs to send their kids to after school, letting them simply play一 or better yet, playing with them-could seem like a step backward
(详解)概括归纳题。定位句指出,多年来,家长们一直在为买什么玩具、下载哪些应用程序、让 孩子放学后去参加哪些技能培养项目而烦恼,与这些相比,单纯让他们游戏一一或者更好的是,与 他们一起游戏一似乎像是后退了一步。题干中的the suggestion of letting children simply
play和sound like going backwards分别是对定位句中Ietting them simply play-or better yet, playing with them和could seem like a step backward的同义转述,题干中的parents who want to help build their children's skills是对定位句中spending years fretting(烦恼)over which toys to buy, which apps to download and which skill-building programs to send their kids to after school的概括归纳,故答案为C)。
43. Dr. Michael Yogman believes the idea that parents should carefully schedule children's time may not be helpful to their growth.
(译文)迈克尔。尤格曼博士认为,父母应该仔细安排孩子的时间这样的观念可能对他们的成长 并没有帮助。
(定位)由题干中的the idea、 schedule children's time和may not be helpful定位到文章K)段 第二句:“The notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time is not doing them a great service," he said.
(详解)同义转述题。定位句指出,尤格曼认为,父母需要为孩子安排他们每一分钟的时间这样 一种观念其实并不是在帮他们。题干中的the idea that parents should carefully schedule children's time和may not be helpful分别是对定位句中the notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time和not doing them a great service的同义转述,故答案为K)。
44. One quarter of teachers in an American city said that children in kindergartens had no time for playing freely.
(译文)在美国的一个城市，四分之一的教师说幼儿园里的孩子没有时间自由地游戏玩耍。
(定位)由题干中的one quarter of teachers、no time和 playing freely定位到文章F)段第二句: One in four Los Angeles teachers reported there was no time at all for"“free play."
(详解)同义转述题。定位句指出,洛杉矶四分之一的教师表示根本没有时间让孩子们“自由地 游戏”。题干中的one quarter of teachers in an American city和had no time for playing freely 分别是对定位句中one in four Los Angeles teachers 和there was no time at all for"free play." 的同义转述,故答案为F)。
45. According to a pediatrician, no matter what kind of play children engage in, they are leaming how to create things.
(译文)儿科医生认为,无论孩子们参加哪种游戏,他们都在学习如何创造事物。
(定位)由题干中的play、children、learning和 create things定位到文章B)段第二句:Whether it's rough physical play,outdoor play or pretend play, kids derive important lessons from the chance to make things up as they go,he said.
(详解)细节辨认题。定位句指出,尤格曼认为,无论是剧烈的体能活动、户外运动,还是装扮游 戏,孩子们都能在边游戏边创作东西的过程中学到重要的一课。题干中的no matter what kind of play是对定位句中whether it's rough physical play,outdoor play or pretend play 的概况归纳， 题干中的learrning how to create things是对定位句中derive important lessons from the chance to make things up as they go的同义转述,故答案为B)。
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